Background: Burn is a major problem in low and middle income countries, with annual incidence of around 6-7 million per year in India. Post burn immature scars are reversible as well as preventable. Apart from conventional therapy various other measures exist for treatment of these scars, including Low level Laser Therapy (LLLT). No study has been reported from India on effect of age on LLLT treated post burn immature scars. Methods: This is a prospective interventional study to see correlation of age with effect of LLLT on post burn immature scars. Study was done in single institutre with 41 subjects of post burn scars with LLLT for 8 weeks. Effect of LLLT was observed with Vancouver scar sclae (VSS) scoere before and after intervention and observations were correlated with age of the subjects. Results: On analysis, it was found that improvement in mean VSS score was more in age group 0-10 years and 10-40 years. Further, the improvement in mean VSS score was in younger patients (0-10 years) than middle-aged (10-40 years). And no improvement was seen in age>40 years. Conclusion: There is a positive effect of LLLT in younger age (0 to 40 years) compare to the older population (>40 years) on immature post-burn scars but large randomized multicentric trials are required to validate this study.

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men and women worldwide; its carcinogenesis is a complex multi-step process that involves environmental factors, lifestyle, genetic mutation and viral infections; Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection plays a crucial role in human carcinomas, mainly anogenital and oropharyngeal; HPV is a prognostic factor since it is associated with vascular invasion, ganglionic metastases and tumor size; HPV is reported to be present in 70% of colorectal cancers and HPV-16 E6 / E7 oncoproteins are involved in carcinogenesis, including colorectal cancer; prevention with HPV vaccines can prevent some cancers including colorectal cancer. The link between HPV and colorectal cancer became evident, without distinction between the sexes, with similar values ??between HPV 16 and HPV 18. Studies are needed to investigate the relationship between HPV and colorectal cancer.

Introduction. The efficient use of public policies for the smoking control had demonstrated be a very useful tool for the prevention and control of this risk factor. Several elements had influenced for that the use of economic policies in Cuba hadn´t been an efficient mechanism for the smoking control. However, the experience of several countries including from Latin America, demonstrate that the fiscal policy can be a good tool for the economic smoking control. Objective: To describe the importance of utilizes the fiscal policy in the activities of prevention and control of smoking in Cuba. Materials and Methods: It made a descriptive research about the importance of apply efficient fiscal policies in the smoking control in Cuba. For that were utilized as teoricals methods were utilized the inductive-deductive and the historic-logic. As empiric method was utilized the bibliographic research. Conclusions: The application of efficient fiscal policies in Cuba is present and no longer necessity because of the whole benefices associated to the application.

Introduction: Smoking has two main explicative variables given by the consumption of tobacco and cigarettes and the smokers’ number. The relation between both and the researched risk factor determine the social behavior of it. The social inequity attributable to smoking is given by the particular way to impact over the researched population. Objective: To design an inequity rate for each identified form of social inequity attributable to smoking. Was made an analytic research about the smoking social inequity. Materials and Methods: Were used like theorical methods the comparative and the inductive deductive and like empiric method the bibliographic research. Results: The social inequity attributable to smoking is given by the social cost because of smoking. These costs are determined by the smoking effect over the economic resources consumption´s financing the health services and the smoking effect over the society and the economy in general by the labor productivity lose. Conclusion: Smoking like risk factor has several forms to impact over the population researched. Each identified form of social inequity has one particular form of social inequity and one form of socioeconomic inequity too.